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Venkatesh Alagarsamy ¹, Malarvizhi Dhakshinamoorthy ¹, Mary Newbegin Selvakumar Gold Pearlin ², Tamilselvi Ramachandran ²

Affiliations
1 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Due to the aversive taste of medications, there is said to be a struggle in making the child consume it. The ease of administration of liquid suspensions makes it accepted by parents & children for oral administration. Because of the aversive taste of medications, cariogenic sugars such as sucrose is said to be added as a flavoring agent to mask the unpleasant taste. This sucrose in the medication is said to cause dental caries. The dental professionals have the opportunity to provide advice regarding the importance of diet & the role of sugars in caries formation. The dentist should be familiarized with alternatives to sugar & the type of food products that are available to substitute with sweetening agents.

Keywords

Cariogenic Bacteria, Sweetening Agents, Sucrose, Risk Factors.

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Sahithi Reddy ¹, Venkatesh Alagarsamy ², Geethapriya Nagarajan ³, Tamilselvi Ramachandran ³

Affiliations
1 Second Year PG Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai-600100, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai-600100, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai-600100, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

There are two possible mechanisms for size influenced consequences of nanomaterials in preventive dentistry: one, interaction with bacterial attachment and biofilm establishment, two, the effect on de- and remineralization. As the process of demineralization begins at nanolevel, it is imperative to provide nanosized units for optimized remineralization. This is applicable for particle size-related interactions with bacteria and it’s bacterial, as the nanoparticles are more effective than microparticles. Many preparations have been developed, many of them are in the experimental state, and a few are already available. Nanoparticles for major tooth repair may progress through various stages of technological development. Many naniparticles are made available which help in teeth repair and regeneration process. This article is a review on nanomaterials for remineralisation. Which are Nano hydroxy apetite, Nano calcium fluoride, Beta Tricalcium Phosphate, nano Bioglass, Nano CCP-ACP and nano Bioinert zirconia.

Keywords

Remineralisation, Nanoparticles, Caries Prevention.

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Tamilselvi Ramachandran ¹, Veronica Arunakumari ², Venkatesh Alagarsamy ³, Prakash Venkatachalam ³

Affiliations
1 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
2 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Madha Dental College and Hospital, Kundrathur, IN
3 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Amalgam has been replaced by Composite restoration in clinical practice in recent years because of esthetics and improved physical and mechanical properties. But composite resin is a very technique sensitive material and clinician should be aware of the problems in restoring with composite. The principle problem in resin composite are secondary caries, post-operative sensitivity, enamel fracture, cuspal fracture, maintaining proper contour and contact, micro leakage and nano leakage resulting in debonding. Many of these problems can be controlled by the operator. This review gives us insight into difficulties and problems associated with posterior resin composite. As a clinician, it is our responsibility to understand trouble shooting in posterior composite and ways to overcome them for successful long lasting composite restoration.

Keywords

Composite Restoration, Secondary Caries, Post-Operative Sensitivity, Enamel Fracture, Debonding.

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Venkatesh Alagarsamy ¹, Sahithi Reddy ², Geethapriya Nagarajan ³, Karthick Arumugam ⁴

Affiliations
1 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Second Year Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
4 Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Periapical cyst accounts up to half of cystic lesion of jaws. Large periapical cysts, generally true cyst are self sustaining are less likely to be resolved by conventional ischolar_main canal therapy. Hence, a surgical intervention is needed. Of all the surgical procedures decompression is a more conservative option to treat periapical cyst. It includes surgical exposure of a cyst wall and insertion of a tube or any drain to decompress the lesion during healing and reduces the necessity of surgical enucleation. The decompression technique has a potentially high success rate with low morbidity and reduced loss of bone support, and should be considered for treatment of these lesions. It can reduce risk of perforation in lesions adjacent to the nasal floor, sinus floor, mandibular nerve, and neighboring tooth apices. Despite certain limitations like need for patient compliance and longterm follow-up, decompression is a viable and less invasive method which can counterbalance the fallacies and should be considered as an alternative to conventional surgeries. This review article describes the origin, methods, clinical outcomes, advantages and drawbacks of decompression procedure for periapical cyst.

Keywords

Decompression, Periapical Cyst, Marsupialization, Surgical Drainage.

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Geethapriya Nagarajan ¹, Subbiya Arunajatesan ², Selvakumar Gold Pearlin Mary Newbegin ¹, Venkatesh Alagarsamy ³

Affiliations
1 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Professor & Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Calcific metamorphosis is the obliteration of pulp canal space due to trauma or injury. Hemorrhage and blood clot formation in the pulp after injury is a nidus for calcification if the pulp still remains vital. Calcification replaces the cellular components of the pulp. Teeth with pulp canal obliteration prove to be a challenge to endodontic treatment. This case report describes the successful management of a tooth with calcified canal and perforation with six months follow up.

Keywords

Pulp Canal Obliteration, Perforation, Root Canal Treatment.

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Prakash Venkatachalam ¹, Megha Ravindranath ², Suresh Mitthra ³, Venkatesh Alagarsamy ¹

Affiliations
1 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai,Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Post Graduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai,Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai,Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Medical conditions of a patient play an important role in the planning of dental treatment. A thorough knowledge on the medically compromised conditions is required in endodontics for successful outcome of the treatment. This review throws light on some very important and frequently encountered medically compromised conditions and their management in endodontics.

Keywords

Medical, Endodontics, Compromised, Condition, Management.

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Tamilselvi Ramachandran ¹, Malarvizhi Dakshinamoorthy ², Venkatesh Alagarsamy ³, Karthick Arumugam ²

Affiliations
1 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Dental caries is an infectious microbiologic disease causing localized dissolution and destruction of the calcified tissue. It is caused by host, agent, and environmental factors. The development and progression of dental caries mainly depends on time factor. The main pathogenic species involved in the initiation and development of dental caries are S. mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Actinomyces viscosus. The prevention and control of dental caries plays a major role in the status of public health. Caries vaccines have been developed to prevent and protect against dental caries. Various types of vaccines are being developed at research centres, with some kind of caries vaccines being considered to diminish or prevent dental caries among the children and adults.

Keywords

Dental Caries, Caries Caccine, Glucosyl Transferase, Mutans Streptococci.

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Venkatesh Alagarsamy ¹, Karthick Arumugam ², Devakar Rajendran ³, Malarvizhi Dhakshinamoorthy ²

Affiliations
1 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
3 M.D.S, Second Year PG Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

A successful ischolar_main canal treatment is based on diagnosis, treatment planning, knowledge of tooth anatomy, and concepts of debridement, sterilization, and obturation. Several techniques of obturation are available for ischolar_main canal treatment. The choice depends on the anatomy of the canal and unique objectives of treatment in each case. The two common obturation procedures are lateral compaction and warm vertical condensation.

Keywords

Obturation Techniques, DownPak, Activ GP, Obtura II, Elements B.

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Anuradha Balasubramaniam ¹, Raja Sharumathi ², Venkatesh Alagarsamy ³, Niveditha Seenivasan ⁴

Affiliations
1 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Undergraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
4 B.D.S, Undergraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Root canal treatment is a therapeutic process performed to remove inflamed or infected pulp tissue within the tooth and to prevent apical periodontitis. The ultimate goal of endodontic treatment is removal of the pathologic pulp, cleaning and shaping of the ischolar_main canal system and the three dimensional obturation to prevent re-infection. The cause of endodontic failures can be due to inappropriate debridement, presence of extra ischolar_main canals or lateral canals, persistence of bacteria in the canal or apex, under or over extension of filling material, coronal leakage are some of the common causes for failures. This article review general description of ischolar_main canal treatment, causes of failures of ischolar_main canal treatment and how to manage failed RCT.

Keywords

Root Canal Treatment, re-RCT, Failed RCT.

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Geethapriya Nagarajan ¹, Parthasarathy Rajasekar ², Selvakumar Gold Pearlin Mary Newbegin ¹, Venkatesh Alagarsamy ³

Affiliations
1 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Final Year PG Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Platelet Rich Fibrin consists of an autologous leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin matrix, composed of a tetra molecular structure, with platelets, leukocytes and stem cells within it, which acts as a biodegradable scaffold that favors microvascularization and is able to guide epithelial cell migration to its surface. This case report describes about the management of large periapical lesions with surgical approach and PRF placement and a non-surgical approach.

Keywords

Platelet Rich Fibrin, Leukocytes, Scaffold.

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Prakash Venkatachalam ¹, Rama Krishna ², Devakar Rajendran ³, Geethapriya Nagarajan ⁴, Venkatesh Alagarsamy ¹, Anuradha Balasubramaniam ⁴

Affiliations
1 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Private Practitioner, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Second Year PG Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
4 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

A Comparative evaluation of surface wear and distortion of ProTaper, RaCe and K3 nickel-titanium rotary instruments was done using resin blocks with 20 degrees curvature. Three groups of four samples were evaluated for spiral distortion and surface wear after instrumentation. The deformation and fracture of F1 of ProTaper, 0.06 tapers RaCe and were photographically recorded SEM 250X using magnification. It was evident from the scores obtained and SEM pictures analysed that ProTaper instruments exhibited significantly higher degree of spiral distortion and surface wear compared to both RaCe and K3, with no statistical variation between the latter two systems.

Keywords

Surface Wear, Distortion and Cyclic Fatigue.

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Venkatesh Alagarsamy ¹, Megha Ravindranath ², Malarvizhi Dhakshinamoorthy ³, Anuradha Balasubramanium ⁴

Affiliations
1 Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu
2 Final Yr Post Graduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
4 Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Narayanapuram, Pallikaranai, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The dental operating microscope and the ultrasonics have found many important applications in dentistry. Ultrasonics is undoubtedly imperative for improving the quality of the treatment and for handling difficult cases in endodontics. It is useful in procedures such as gaining access to canal openings, cleaning and shaping, obturation of ischolar_main canals, retrieval of separated instruments, removal of intracanal medicaments and blockages and endodontic surgery.This review throws some insight on the applications of ultrasonics in endodontics today.

Keywords

Ultrasonics, Cleaning, Shaping, Cavitation, Instrument Retrieval.

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